Russia qualified as Group B leaders with nine points, while Vietnam were through to the last sixteen as one of the four best third-place finishers.
The clash between the two teams will take place at Coliseo Iván de Beodut in Colombia’s Medellín on September 21.
Russia currently rank third in the FIFA Futsal rankings, 36 places above Vietnam. The Eurasian team have been known as three-time World Cup semifinalists.
The remaining knockout matchups include Colombia–Paraguay, Brazil–Iran, Spain–Kazakhstan, Argentina–Ukraine, Italy–Egypt, Thailand–Azerbaijan and Portugal–Costa Rica.
If they overcome Russia in the September 21 clash, Vietnam will compete against the winner of the match between Spain and Kazakhstan for a quarterfinal berth.