In a study, scientists have found nearly 12,000 marine species, including animals and plants, in Vietnam. The study was carried out in three periods (before 1954, from 1954 to 1975 and from 1976 to now), and has proven that Vietnamese seafood sources are incredibly diverse, with over 2,000 fishes, nearly 6,000 benthic animals, 653 seaweed species, five tortoise species and 12 species of sea snakes. The study is part of a comprehensive research programme on the country's marine ecosystems / and has provided a fuller picture of the natural conditions of coastal zones in Vietnam.